Geotextiles & Geosynthetics

Index and performance testing for woven and non-woven geotextiles, geogrids, geomembranes and geocomposites in road, landfill and drainage works.

Tenders in this sector routinely specify a tensile strength without saying which tensile strength, and the two candidates are not close. Grab tensile (ASTM D4632) clamps a narrow width and lets the surrounding fabric contribute to the reading. Wide-width tensile (ISO 10319, ASTM D4595) loads a 200 mm specimen across its full width and reports the value a designer can put into a reinforcement calculation. The same roll can pass one and fail the other. Add that a geotextile is bought on index properties — mass per unit area, thickness, opening size — and performs on hydraulic ones, and it becomes clear why the apparatus list has to be settled against the specification clause by clause rather than against the sector name.

Tests run here

Wide-width tensile strength and elongation
Grab tensile strength
CBR static puncture resistance
Trapezoidal tear strength
Characteristic opening size by wet or dry sieving
Water permeability normal to the plane
Mass per unit area and thickness at specified pressures
Retained strength after accelerated UV exposure

Governed by

ISO 10319 — geosynthetics, wide-width tensile test
ISO 12236 and ASTM D6241 — static puncture (CBR) test
ISO 11058 and ASTM D4491 — water permeability characteristics
ISO 12956 and ASTM D4751 — characteristic and apparent opening size
ISO 9864 and ISO 9863-1 — mass per unit area and thickness
ASTM D4595 and ASTM D4632 — wide-width and grab tensile
MoRTH Specifications for Road and Bridge Works, and Indian Roads Congress guidelines on the use of geosynthetics
NABL accreditation under ISO/IEC 17025

What this sector draws on

Analytical Instruments

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Analytical Balance, 220 g × 0.1 mg

Four-decimal analytical balance with draught shield and internal or external calibration.

Ex-stock

ISO/IEC 17025

Capacity: 220 g

Specification

Specification for Analytical Balance, 220 g × 0.1 mg
Capacity	220 g
Readability	0.1 mg (0.0001 g)
Repeatability	≤ 0.1 mg
Linearity	± 0.2 mg
Pan size	90 mm ø
Calibration	Internal motorised or external OIML class E2 weight
Services	Installation & commissioning · Calibration · Operator training · Annual maintenance contract

Standards

ISO/IEC 17025

Typical applications

Weighing for standard and reagent preparation
Gravimetric analysis
Sample weighing for assay

Full record, hazard data and enquiry for Analytical Balance, 220 g × 0.1 mg →

pH Meter, Benchtop, Five-Point Calibration

Microprocessor benchtop pH and mV meter with automatic temperature compensation and up to five-point calibration.

Ex-stock

pH range: −2.00 to 16.00

Specification

Specification for pH Meter, Benchtop, Five-Point Calibration
pH range	−2.00 to 16.00
pH resolution	0.01 (0.001 on selected models)
Accuracy	± 0.01 pH
Calibration points	Up to 5, with auto buffer recognition
Temperature	ATC, −10 to 110 °C
Output	RS-232 / USB, optional printer
Services	Installation & commissioning · Calibration · Operator training · Annual maintenance contract · Spares & consumables

Typical applications

pH measurement in water, effluent and process samples
Pharmaceutical QC pH determination

Full record, hazard data and enquiry for pH Meter, Benchtop, Five-Point Calibration →

UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, Double Beam

Double-beam UV-Vis spectrophotometer for quantitative absorbance and scanning work.

Wavelength range	190–1100 nm
Spectral bandwidth	1 nm (2 nm and variable on selected models)
Wavelength accuracy	± 0.3 nm
Photometric range	−0.3 to 3.0 A
Stray light	< 0.05% T at 220 nm
Software	PC control; 21 CFR Part 11 package to order
Services	Installation & commissioning · Calibration · Validation & qualification · Operator training · Annual maintenance contract · Spares & consumables

Digestion positions	3, 6, 8 or 12
Digestion temperature	Up to 450 °C, PID controlled
Fume scrubber	Water aspirator or recirculating, with neutralisation
Distillation	Steam generator with automatic alkali dosing
Recovery	≥ 99.5% on ammonium sulphate reference
Site preparation	Required — foundation or utilities
Services	Installation & commissioning · Calibration · Operator training · Annual maintenance contract · Spares & consumables

Conductivity range	0.01 µS/cm to 200 mS/cm, auto-ranging
Accuracy	± 0.5% of full scale
Cell constants	K = 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0
Temperature	ATC with selectable coefficient
Services	Calibration · Operator training · Annual maintenance contract · Spares & consumables

Frame capacity	50 kN
Penetration rate	1.25 mm/min (fixed, as specified)
Mould	150 mm ø × 175 mm with collar and perforated base
Penetration piston	50 mm ø × 100 mm long
Surcharge weights	2.5 kg annular and slotted
Proving ring	10 kN with 0.002 mm dial gauge
Power	415 V, 3-phase or 230 V single-phase to order
Site preparation	Required — foundation or utilities
Services	Installation & commissioning · Calibration · Operator training · Annual maintenance contract · Spares & consumables

Cup	Brass, standard Casagrande profile
Drop height	10 mm, set with the supplied gauge block
Grooving tools	Casagrande and ASTM patterns supplied
Base	Standard hard rubber
Counter	Mechanical blow counter
Services	Calibration · Spares & consumables

Rammer mass	2.6 kg
Free fall	310 mm
Face diameter	50 mm
Guide	Vented sleeve
Services	Calibration · Spares & consumables

Rammer mass	4.89 kg
Free fall	450 mm
Face diameter	50 mm
Services	Calibration · Spares & consumables

Shear boxes	60 × 60 mm and 100 × 100 mm
Strain rates	Multi-speed gearbox, typically 0.00012–1.25 mm/min
Normal load	Lever-arm loading yoke with weights
Measurement	Proving ring and dial gauges, or load cell and LVDT
Services	Installation & commissioning · Calibration · Operator training · Annual maintenance contract · Spares & consumables

Positions	6 or 8
Temperature	150 °C ± 2 °C, digital control
Timer	Digital, 0–180 minutes with auto shut-off
Glassware	Borosilicate 3.3 flasks and Liebig condensers
Services	Installation & commissioning · Calibration · Annual maintenance contract · Spares & consumables

Positions	6
Speed range	10–300 rpm, digital display
Beakers	1000 ml or 2000 ml, with illuminated base
Timer	Digital with programmable rapid and slow mix stages
Services	Installation & commissioning · Calibration · Annual maintenance contract · Spares & consumables

Specification for Total Organic Carbon Analyser, UV Oxidation with NDIR Detection
Detection method	Wet chemical oxidation by UV
Detector	NDIR (non-dispersive infrared)
Measurement range	0-10000 mg/L (ppm)
Detection limit	5 µg/L (ppb)
Maximum salinity	85 g/L
Particle size accepted	≤0.2 mm
Repeatability tolerance	3%
Analysis parameters	TC, TIC, TOC, NPOC
Sample type	Liquid sample
Gas requirement	Nitrogen, purity ≥99.995%
Control	Computer control; PC software supplied on pen drive
Software functions	User management and permissions, sample registration, standard curve management, real-time peak display, measurement records, operation log export to Excel or PDF, electronic signature, consumable usage timers

Specification for Total Organic Carbon Analyser, UV Oxidation with Conductivity Detection
Mode, offline model / online model	Offline / online (exclusive for lab), online and offline switchable
Detector	Conductivity detector
Oxidation	UV lamp; no acid, gas or catalyst required
Detection range (as printed)	0.001-1.500 mg/l (ppm)
Measurement range (as printed)	1 µg/L - 1000 µg/L
Detection limit	1 ppb
Max tolerance	±5%
Repeatability tolerance	±3%
Analysis time	< 3 min
Response time	< 10 min
Sample temperature	1-95°C
Environment temperature	10-40°C with temperature change ±5°C/day

Specification for COD Analyser with 21-Position Digestor
Measuring ranges	(15~150) mg/L, (150~1500) mg/L
Light source	Two LED light sources, one for each COD testing range
Accuracy	±5%
Repeatability	±3%
Fluctuation	± 6 mg/L (20 min)
Calibration	2 points
Display	LCD
Data	Stores 200 sets of measuring data, following GLP norm
Interface	USB, data transferable to a computer
Analyser power supply	Adaptor, using AC 220V, 50/60Hz
Digestor capacity	21 samples at a time
Digestor temperature range	0-165°C

Specification for Hot Air Oven, Digital, 250 °C
Temperature range	Ambient +10 °C to 250 °C (300 °C on request)
Uniformity	± 2 °C at 105 °C
Chamber	Stainless steel 304, sizes from 45 L to 336 L
Air circulation	Forced, with adjustable fresh-air damper
Control	Digital PID with over-temperature cut-out
Services	Installation & commissioning · Calibration · Validation & qualification · Annual maintenance contract · Spares & consumables

Maximum temperature	1200 °C (1400 °C on request)
Chamber sizes	4 L, 7 L, 12 L and 22 L
Control	PID with digital display; programmable ramp-soak to order
Stability	± 5 °C at set point
Heating elements	Kanthal A1 on ceramic; SiC rods on 1400 °C models
Insulation	Ceramic fibre
Services	Installation & commissioning · Calibration · Validation & qualification · Annual maintenance contract · Spares & consumables

Temperature range	50 °C to 200 °C
Vacuum range	50 to 760 mm of Hg
Controller	PID digital controller with auto-tune
Inner chamber	Stainless steel 316, mirror polished
Construction	Double walled, with stainless steel 304 exterior
Observation window	Thick tempered glass
Shelves	Two, removable
Capacity	27 litres
Working chamber	300 × 300 × 300 mm (12 × 12 × 12 inch)
Power	1750 W
Power supply	230 V, 50 Hz, single phase, AC

Number of holes, 2H / 4H / 6H / 8H	2 / 4 / 6 / 8
Volume (approx.), 2H / 4H / 6H / 8H	6 L / 12 L / 18 L / 24 L
Linear size (L x W x H), 2H / 4H / 6H / 8H	301 x 157 x 142 mm / 304 x 304 x 138 mm / 305 x 470 x 138 mm / 305 x 610 x 138 mm
Hole size	125 mm
Cover ring per hole	5 rings per hole
Temperature range	RT +10°C ~ 100°C
Temperature resolution	0.1°C
Temperature accuracy	0.5°C
Temperature control mode	PID, microcomputer program
Heater	Stainless steel U type heating element
Water outlet	Independent drain valve
Wetted materials	Stainless steel pot, stamped inner liner with sealing structure; stainless steel and PC on all water contact surfaces

Temperature measurement	By PID controller
RH measurement	By capacitance type RH sensor
Temperature range	10 °C to 70 °C
Temperature accuracy	± 0.1 °C
Humidity range	40 % RH to 95 % RH
Humidity accuracy	± 3 % RH
Construction	Double wall construction
Interior material	High grade stainless steel (S.S. 304 / S.S. 316)
Exterior material	Mild steel or stainless steel (S.S. 304 / S.S. 316)
Humidity system	Non-condensing steam injection type, with water level circuit
Heating	Long lasting SS tubular heaters
Refrigeration	Hermetically sealed compressor, CFC free refrigerant (134 A gas), evaporation coil and condenser

Storage conditions fulfilled	25 °C / 60 % RH; 30 °C / 65 % RH; 30 °C / 70 % RH; 30 °C / 75 % RH; 40 °C / 75 % RH; 25 °C / 40 % RH; 30 °C / 35 % RH; 40 °C / NMT 25 % RH
Temperature accuracy	± 0.1 °C
Temperature resolution	0.1 °C
Humidity range	40 % RH to 95 % RH
Humidity fluctuation	Maximum 3 % RH
Humidity sensor	Capacitance type, enables direct display of RH and temperature
Chamber illumination	2 or 4 LED lights for lesser power consumption; LED light with door switch
Compressor rating	1.5 KW
Dry heater rating	2.0 KW
Wet heater rating	3.0 KW
Overall power consumption (three phase)	2.5 KW per phase (for 3-phase connection)
Power consumption (single phase)	7.0 KW (for single phase connection)

Storage conditions fulfilled	2 °C to 8 °C
Construction	Prefabricated modular structure with PUF/Rockwool insulated panels and reinforced floor panel
Interior / exterior material	Interior stainless steel; exterior PPGI/stainless steel
Observation window	Toughened glass window to inspect samples
Racks and trays	Stainless steel racks and trays with adjustable tray heights
Refrigeration	CFC free refrigeration systems
Chamber illumination	LED light with door switch
Control system	7 inch touch screen HMI display and PLC controller system
Data logging	Storage facility up to 21600 readings logged at 1 minute interval
Data logging sensors	4 temperature + 4 RH sensors; in-built data logger (uniformity module)
Door access	Magnetic door lock for password protected door access
Audit trail	Audit trail generation in HMI display

Storage conditions fulfilled	2 °C to 8 °C
Control accuracy	± 0.5 °C
Air circulation	Uniform forced-air circulation system across the working chamber
Interior material	Internal chamber fabricated from stainless steel S.S.-304/316 grade
Exterior material	Exterior body fabricated from S.S.-304/316 grade material
Observation door	Full view poly-carbonate observation door to inspect test samples
Racks and trays	Stainless steel racks and trays with adjustable tray heights
Refrigeration	CFC free refrigeration systems
Chamber illumination	LED light with door switch
Mobility	Unit mounted on castor wheels for easy movement
Control system	7 inch touch screen HMI display and PLC controller system
Data logging	Storage facility up to 21600 readings logged at 1 minute interval

Fixtures supplied	Grab test; index puncture; CBR puncture using a 50 mm probe; trapezoid tear; wide-width tensile
Drive	Servo motor or induction motor version
Data output	Dedicated PC software with RS-232 interface cable
Frame sizes	Two frame sizes are illustrated, each with its own power pack

Determines	Apparent opening size, reported as O95 in mm under ASTM D4751; characteristic opening size O90 under EN ISO 12956
Referee method	ASTM D4751 Method A1 — dry sieving of graded glass beads through the clamped fabric
Consumable required	Graded glass bead fractions, sieved between runs and reused; supplied separately
Not covered by this instrument	ASTM D4751 Method B uses a capillary porometer, which is a different machine
Services	Installation & commissioning · Calibration · Spares & consumables

Determines	Permittivity in s⁻¹ and the flow rate through the fabric normal to its plane
Heads	Constant head and falling head, both described by ASTM D4491
EN ISO reporting	EN ISO 11058 reports a velocity index — the flow velocity at a 50 mm head
Water condition	De-aired water. Dissolved air comes out of solution against the fabric and changes the reading, so a de-airing tank is part of the rig, not an accessory
Services	Installation & commissioning · Calibration · Spares & consumables

Geotextiles & Geosynthetics

Tests run here

Governed by

What this sector draws on

Analytical Balance, 220 g × 0.1 mg

pH Meter, Benchtop, Five-Point Calibration

UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, Double Beam

Kjeldahl Digestion and Distillation Unit

Conductivity / TDS Meter, Benchtop and Portable

CBR Testing Machine, Motorised, with Proving Ring

Liquid Limit Device (Casagrande), Hand Operated

Compaction Rammer, Light — 2.6 kg, 310 mm Drop

Compaction Rammer, Heavy — 4.89 kg, 450 mm Drop

Direct Shear Apparatus, Motorised

COD Digestion Apparatus with Glassware

Jar Test Apparatus (Flocculator), Six Position

Total Organic Carbon Analyser, UV Oxidation with NDIR Detection

Total Organic Carbon Analyser, UV Oxidation with Conductivity Detection

COD Analyser with 21-Position Digestor

Muffle Furnace, 1200 °C

Hot Air Oven, Digital, 250 °C

Vacuum Oven, Laboratory, 27 Litres

Digital Water Bath, 2 / 4 / 6 / 8 Hole

Humidity Chamber

Stability Chamber

Walk-In Stability Chamber

Walk-In Cooling Chamber, 2–8 °C

Cooling Chamber, 2–8 °C

Geotextile Universal Testing Machine

Apparent Opening Size Tester for Geotextiles

Geotextile Permeability Apparatus (Permittivity)

Glass Bead Set and Separating Sieves for Apparent Opening Size

Geotextile Abrasion Tester (Sliding Block)

Micro Balance, 6.1 g x 0.001 mg, Touch Screen

Antistatic Ioniser for Balances, External and Windshield-Mounted

Semi-Micro / Analytical Balance, Touch Screen, 102 g / 220 g

Semi-Micro / Analytical Balance, Touch Screen, 81 g / 220 g

Semi-Micro Balance, 61 g x 0.01 mg

Automatic Density Meter, Oscillating U-Tube

Melting Point Apparatus, Capillary, Touch Screen

Automatic Video Melting Point Apparatus with CFR Software

Automatic Polarimeter, Dual Wavelength, with CFR Software

Automatic Polarimeter, Single Wavelength, with CFR Software

Send us your test schedule for this laboratory.

Purpose	Supplies and re-separates the graded spherical glass beads that ASTM D4751 Method A1 sieves through the specimen
Why it is a separate line	Beads are lost and fractured in use, and a fraction that has drifted out of grading quietly biases every O95 result taken with it
Re-separation	Beads are recovered and re-graded on the separating sieves between runs
Services	Spares & consumables

Determines	Retained strength after abrasion, as a percentage of the unabraded value
Principle	A weighted block carrying abrasive paper is reciprocated over the clamped specimen for a counted number of cycles
The result needs a second machine	The abrader damages the specimen; the number comes from a tensile test on it afterwards. Budget for both
Consumable	Abrasive paper of the grade the method specifies, replaced between specimens
Services	Installation & commissioning · Calibration · Spares & consumables

Capacity × readability	6.1 g × 0.001 mg
Readability (d)	0.001 mg
Repeatability (standard deviation)	0.004 mg
Linearity (±)	0.005 mg
Calibration	Automatic internal (motorised) calibration
Display	5" touch screen, seven-language interface
Response time	≤ 8 s
Pan size	30 mm
Weighing chamber size	165 x 165 x 75 mm
Distance pan to top windshield	75 mm
Windshield internal diameter	165 mm
Windshield	Double windshield, metal-evaporated coating to reduce static charge

Item type	Accessory for micro, semi-micro and analytical balances; not a weighing instrument
Design type, two versions	External free-standing device / unit attached to the balance windshield
Balance compatibility, external version	Any make of micro, semi-micro or analytical balance
Balance compatibility, windshield version	Listed for five specific balances in this range: the 220 g keypad analytical, the 82 g / 220 g and 102 g / 220 g semi-micro models, and the 220 g and 102 g / 220 g touch-screen models
Operating modes	2-minute timed mode and continuous mode, started by a button
Distance, sample to ion source	Approx. 5-40 cm
Discharge time	9 s at 5 cm, 13 s at 10 cm, 100 s at 40 cm (fan on)
Ozone concentration	0-0.05 ppm at 2 cm from the ion source
Ambient temperature	10 °C - 40 °C
Air humidity	20-80%
Power supply	Adaptor, AC 100-240 V, 50/60 Hz
Gross weight	300 g

Capacity × readability	102 g × 0.01 mg (semi-micro range); 220 g × 0.1 mg (analytical range)
Repeatability (standard deviation)	0.01 mg on the 102 g range; 0.1 mg on the 220 g range
Linearity (±)	0.04 mg on the 102 g range; 0.4 mg on the 220 g range
Sensitivity drift	3 ppm/°C
Weighing cell	Electromagnetic force compensation (EMFC)
Calibration	Internal calibration
Display	5" touch screen
Response time	≤ 6 s
Pan size	80 mm
Windshield dimensions	162 x 171 x 225 mm
Operating temperature	15 °C - 25 °C
Application modes	Piece counting with statistics report, textile function, percentage, check weighing, animal weighing, formulation (recipe)

Capacity × readability	81 g × 0.01 mg (semi-micro range); 220 g × 0.1 mg (analytical range)
Repeatability (standard deviation)	0.01 mg on the 81 g range; 0.1 mg on the 220 g range
Linearity (±)	0.04 mg on the 81 g range; 0.4 mg on the 220 g range
Sensitivity drift (±)	2 ppm/°C
Verification scale interval (e)	1 mg
Accuracy class as printed	Class I
Weighing cell	Electromagnetic force compensation (EMFC)
Calibration	Internal calibration
Display	4.3" touch screen, time on display, built-in temperature sensor
Response time	4-6 s
Pan size	90 mm Ø
Windshield	Glass, antistatic material

Capacity × readability	61 g × 0.01 mg
Linearity (±)	0.04 mg
Sensitivity drift	2 ppm/°C
Minimum weighing	1 mg
Accuracy class as printed	Class I
Weighing cell	Electromagnetic force sensor
Calibration	Internal calibration, triggered on elapsed time and on temperature change
Display	LCD, with time and temperature display
Response time	4-6 s
Pan size	Φ 80 mm
Tare range	Full
Ambient temperature	15 °C - 25 °C

Measuring principle	Oscillating quartz glass U-tube with photoelectric detection
Density range, two models	0 to 3.0000 g/cm³ on the standard model; 0 to 3.00000 g/cm³ on the CFR model
Sample volume	2 to 3 mL per measurement
Temperature control	Built-in Peltier; the catalogue prints no control range and no control accuracy
Sample introduction	Manual injection or automatic sampling
Bubble checking	1080p camera over the tube, with video of the injection so the operator can see bubbles and particles
Display	10.1 inch touch screen, Android operating system
Records	Results saved as PDF reports and exported to USB; batch collection and storage
Interfaces	RS-232C serial, USB
Cleaning	Built-in air pump for drying and cleaning the tube
Printer	Thermal printer offered as an option
CFR model software	Adds user accounts and permissions, audit trail and electronic signature on records

Method	Capillary tube in a heated block
Temperature control	PID with PWM output; no temperature range, heating-rate range or accuracy is printed in the catalogue
Reading	Melting curve recorded automatically
Calculation	Average of the initial and final melting points computed automatically
Display	7 inch LCD touch screen
Clock	Real-time clock fitted
Data transfer	Connects to a computer
Detection	From the melting curve; no camera or video is listed for this model
Standard accessories	Capillary tubes, power cord, instruction manual, test certificate
HSN code	90278090
Services	Installation & commissioning · Calibration · Validation & qualification · Operator training · Spares & consumables

Method	Capillary tube in a heated block, observed by camera
Capillaries per run	4
Camera	720p, with video capture and playback of the melt
Measuring modes	Automatic detection, or visual determination from the video
Temperature control	PID with PWM output; no temperature range, heating-rate range or accuracy is printed in the catalogue
Dark-coloured samples	Light source brightness and detection sensitivity are adjustable
Display	10.1 inch touch screen, Android operating system
Stored graphs	40,000 sets
Software	User accounts and permissions, audit tracking, measurement and operation records
Backup	Scheduled backup to USB stick or to a file path
Standard accessories	Power cord, capillary tubes, instruction manual, test certificate
HSN code	90278090